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Have you ever been pressured by family or friends to cry according to their schedules? Or have you been told that you should find closure and get over “it” by now? Such comments stem from ignorance of the fact that there are an untold number of grieving styles. No two people grieve in the same way.

How we cry and mourn (go public with our grief) is a uniquely personal and highly individual process due to a host of variables woven into our complex grieving style. Let’s examine some of these variables to better understand why each person should be allowed to grieve at their own pace and in their own way.

1. Early childhood experiences. How did you first find out about death? What stories were told and how did adults respond to death, dying, and grief? What did they say or didn’t say, especially in a non-verbal way? Was the result of your first encounter viewing death as an enemy, friend, inevitable, or terrifying? And most importantly, what did you learn from those in your circle of friends growing up? Many of those early images linger in your unconscious and have an effect on how you cope with the loss of a loved one.

2. Religious beliefs, the media, and readings play a role in our current view of death and how we grieve. Think about what you have learned, good or bad, by watching television for hours, including horror shows. What has your minister, priest or rabbi communicated about death and the afterlife? And then consider what you have read about death in newspapers, books, or magazines.

3. The nature of death and who died. How the death you are grieving for occurred, and who the person who died is, plays another important role in how we grieve. Sudden and unexpected deaths are sure to bring intense and longer grief responses. Murder, suicide, car accidents, combat deaths, drug overdoses, or other accidental deaths have their own additional burdens that mourners must deal with. The death of a child, brother, parent, ex, spouse, friend, or multiple deaths can bring a very different response. Grief can become especially difficult when a body cannot be found.

4. The degree of emotional investment in the deceased. An extremely important factor in how you grieve is the nature of your relationship with the person who died. Was there total dependence on the deceased? Was there a hostile or ambiguous relationship (love / hate)? No one except the grieving person knows the true depth and meaning of the relationship. And what effect will the loss of the loved one have on the social relationships of the bereaved? Could the survivor’s guilt be involved?

5. The health and personality characteristics of the sufferer. Energy levels, stamina, previous bouts of depression, and general positive or negative attitudes before death should also be taken into account in the form of grief. So too, nutrition, amount of sleep, exercise, coping behaviors, and the ability to deal with stress will play a role as well. Any of the above can increase or minimize the amount of unnecessary suffering and intense pain that you feel.

6. Social support system. The bereavement’s perception of their support system has an important effect on the course of grief work. If the person believes that no one understands them and feels isolated or rushed in their grief work, they will have to deal with a lot of additional pain. On the other hand, realizing that you have many people to trust and turn to can boost confidence that you can handle the great loss. This is where one’s culture also plays a role in how a griever responds.

7. The meaning of loss. Trying to find the meaning of why the loss occurred, whether it could have been prevented, and whether it will be in vain can be especially important factors in the length of grief work. Finding a satisfactory explanation of death with all the details is often a difficult task that requires a lot of time and thought and cannot be rushed.

To sum it up, all of the above and more is involved in the beliefs we form and the expectations we have about death, dying, and grief. There is a complex web of influences from our past that we bring to how we grieve in the present. And there are many variables around death that add to the way you cry.

Let’s honor each person’s story and allow them to grieve and express their feelings and thoughts. Be patient with those who are in mourning. Hang with them. Do your best to see your pain from their perspective. It is a unique pain, a special relationship, and your needs must be met.

Location-based services or LBS platforms like Yelp, FourSquare, GoWalla, and Facebook Places are all the rage among marketers these days. Between social media, mobile and local, there is great potential for marketers to deliver incredibly accurate and measurable marketing campaigns with a minimal amount of effort. Y budget. However, it is critical to develop an approach before you begin. If you spread too much, you could get overwhelmed by everything. This article will look at Yelp as an online reputation tool that can be used to create a credible and transparent image.

Yelp tends to focus on content curation; The content is generated from local Yelpers who share reviews of the local businesses they frequent in their respected cities. These reviews are selected, organized, and published by the Yelp Community Manager (an official Yelp employee) on a page within Yelp. These posted reviews can be incredibly powerful when it comes to shaping a local merchant’s online reputation. The good news is that you, as the business owner, can be actively involved in the process.

To get started, you’ll need to claim your ad on Yelp. This is quite painless and should only take a few minutes. Make sure to complete your profile as well; Yelp has strict guidelines when it comes to approving listings. They are not there to intimidate anyone from signing up. It’s more of a SPAM prevention issue than anything else. Always use a real business photo too, that’s very helpful.

Once the token has been claimed, you will have access to all the conversations about your company. You can see who has been reviewing your products and services and respond to any comments or feedback that has been posted; good or bad. Make sure to be objective and honest when communicating through Yelp. Your voice will be heard, but only if it is honest and credible.

Lastly, don’t go into “sale mode” either. Yelp is not a self-promotion site; is an administration tool, very similar to the mailboxes that most companies save to receive suggestions. Wait for these comments to be posted on the web.

Dear Partner-Investor.

Shareholders and investors of two blue-chip companies received good news on Monday, July 9, 2007, which has potentially bullish consequences in the long run.

First, Johnson & Johnson announced the repurchase of up to $ 10 billion of its common shares.

Then ConocoPhillips announced the buyback of a $ 15 billion share buyback program, representing a $ 13 billion increase over the $ 2 billion remaining in a previous buyback program.

But why is a buyback program a positive sign for investors? Why would a buyback have such great upside potential? One explanation is in simple supply and demand terms: Buybacks reduce a company’s supply of outstanding shares, which should increase the price of the shares that remain.

Another explanation is that companies that buy back their shares are so confident in their future prospects that they are willing to commit corporate resources to buy them. This is worth paying attention to, as a company’s executives and board of directors have access to inside information that the rest of us do not.

As such, buyback programs are analogous to corporate insiders who buy the shares of their companies for their own accounts. Both signal confidence in the future prospects of the company, which is again a bullish sign.

In one word:

When a company reduces the number of shares outstanding by declaring a share buyback program, each of the shares becomes more valuable and represents a greater percentage of the company’s share capital.

So, when building your portfolio, you can look for solid and solid companies that engage in these kinds of shareholder practices and stick with them as long as the fundamentals remain strong.

One of the best examples is the Washington Post, which at one time cost only $ 5 to $ 10 a share. It has already traded as high as $ 650. That is what I call long term value!

But be careful! Although buybacks can be a great source of long-term returns for investors, they are actually detrimental if a company pays more for its shares than it is worth. In an overvalued market, it would be foolish for management to buy stocks, even in themselves.

Instead, the business must invest the money in assets that can easily be converted to cash. In this way, when the market turns in the opposite direction and is trading below its true value, the company’s shares can be bought back at a discount, ensuring that current shareholders receive the maximum benefit. Remember, even the best investment in the world is not a good investment if you pay too much for it.

Yours in successful trading

Ricky schmidt

In the newspapers and on social media are the recent events that have divided the nation. Protests glorifying white nationalism, counter-protests, and a random act of anti-Semitism toward a non-profit holocaust museum have highlighted baseless hatred, as well as the resulting harm associated with vandalism.

Saddened along with other decent Americans, the insurance industry turns its attention to the need for insurance to protect against these acts.

For average business owners, nonprofit executives, homeowners, renters, and car drivers, the problem is burning. Will current compensation protect one from “willful and malicious destruction of property”?

If those who inflicted damage are not found or identified, your insurance will cover the costs of repair or replacement, depending, of course, if the affected property is covered.

First, let’s examine a standard homeowners policy.

In general, a standard homeowners policy can protect one from damage from civil disturbances and vandalism. This is because protection of property and liability is included. The only pending exclusion is if your home has been unoccupied for sixty-one days or more.

Second, comes the coverage of the business owner, or the insurance policy of a non-profit organization.

Standard policies cover the following:

– your building

– Any accessory located inside or outside the building

– All permanently installed machinery or equipment

– Outdoor furniture

– Floor coverings

– Household appliances, such as refrigerator, dishwasher, washing machine, dryer, fans, etc.

– Indoor or outdoor business personal property, such as a car or truck, that is 100 feet from the building or closer.

For the business owner who experiences a loss of income due to a property restoration or replacement, the policy includes business income coverage. This means that there will be reimbursement for lost income or business maintenance, such as payroll payments, utility payments, mortgage payments, and rent payments.

Finally, auto insurance will cover you for vandalism IF you have the proper form of coverage. A comprehensive policy covers restoration and replacement charges if your vehicle has been damaged in a protest or other event that is not related to a collision. However, keep in mind that without the comprehensive plan, regardless of any liability, collision, PIP, or uninsured or underinsured car policy you have purchased, you will not be covered for anything that is not related to a car accident or other vehicle.

For more answers to any questions about vandalism and how it correlates to your insurance coverage, speak with an experienced independent agent.

Calling all women entrepreneurs. This article is for you! No, these are not feminine products or bras. (Ugh! Aren’t you relieved?) This article shows you how to get SMART and become successful entrepreneurs.

You know what “smart” means, doll, but you don’t know what “SMART” means. Doll, let’s make a toast to all the entrepreneurial women in the world. And now, let’s get SMART.

The acronym SMART tells you how to function at optimal levels as a female entrepreneur. It helps you streamline your responsibilities, take charge of your time and resources, and hone your focus so it’s sharper than Freddy Krueger’s manicure. (We could say her “fan nails” since we’re in the south, but “manicure” sounds a lot more refined!)

So what do you have to do to be SMART? Here are your SMART steps to success:

S = Simplify, solved. Make an honest assessment of yourself and discover your strengths and weaknesses. So jump in and start your new (advertising) venture!

As women, we are notorious multitaskers. We need to unlearn that! Let me repeat, we need to STOP MULTIPLE TASKS and instead be determined. You can’t do everything for everyone, darling, and still have time to fulfill your dream of running a successful business.

M = Market research. You should do market research BEFORE creating your business (yes, doll, that’s three emphatic “shoulds”). Go to surveymonkey.com to take a short email survey or interview your friends and family in person.

I did that … with an eight page survey. I followed the traditional paper survey route and re-completed all but one survey. Yes, THE EIGHT PAGES of more than sixty people!

do you want to know how? Chocolate! I turned in each survey with a bar of dark chocolate and a note that said “Thank you in advance for helping me be successful. I want to know what you think and I can’t wait to hear from you!”

Take a look at your competition too. Determine what you can do for others that is unique. What holes do you see in what the competition offers? Then ask yourself, “Is there a market for this?” and “Is there a market that PAYS for this?” (a fundamental question that many people overlook in their enthusiasm for the startup). Ask yourself “Where are they? Are they the type of people I want to serve?”

I discovered something essential just two years ago. Take it from my V-8 moment: The people you love to serve are versions of you! Don’t focus on every Joe and Joelle you meet, just the people you enjoy serving the most. And yes, honey, they have a lot in common with you, that’s why you LIKE THEM!

A = Ask for help! Let me say that again for everyone who does things on their own. Ask for help. You may think you are an Amazon but you are not! You need to ask for help.

Think about what you’re not good at and what you hate doing, and then find a way to outsource what you don’t like or dislike. If you have limited funds, you can trade. If you have some extra money, you can hire someone to do the most onerous things for you. If you don’t get some things off your plate, honey, you’re going to break.

Every female entrepreneur needs a consultant, a whip-smart tax advisor, a public relations manager, a web designer, and a copywriter or editor. Is it hard to even CONSIDER getting all this help? You don’t cut your hair yourself, do you, doll? Look, you’re already outsourcing!

The only chore I do these days is do the laundry, and I’m even thinking of quitting that. Do you want your legacy to be a flawless bathroom floor or an amazing business, girlfriend? I’ll take the business for a million, Alex. And you?

R = Reward yourself! And not just for the important things. Reward yourself for the little things you do every day. It takes GUTS to expose yourself time and time again as a small business owner. It takes boldness to quit a secure job, find your passion, and create a job you love to do!

Let me ask you something. When you finish a task, do you move on as fast as you can? I guess so. Instead of jumping to the next task on your list, why not pat yourself on the back for the one you just completed and give yourself a reward?

In large companies, people complain that they don’t get enough praise from their bosses and managers for the little things they do day after day. When you’re in business on your own, guess who your manager is? So who has to reward you for what you do my dear?

The second “R” in “SMART” is for “Scope”. You need to go beyond your comfort zone. You jumped into a new business, now keep looking for the stars. The moment it stops coming is the moment when business slows down or comes to a standstill.

Listen honey, reaching out is not just OUTSIDE other people, it’s also reaching INSIDE yourself to find out what creative project you would like to do next. As a successful business owner, you need to constantly analyze what you are doing and who you are becoming. When you stop growing, guess what? Your business too.

T = Take time for recreation to develop both personally and professionally. If things are out of place in your home life, it will affect your career and vice versa. You need to create balance in ALL aspects of your life. And you need to make time for yourself and your friends, “me time” and “her time” as I like to call it.

Listen, honey, it’s okay to ask for help. Rome wasn’t built in a day and fairy godmothers are pretty hard to come by. The only way to make your dream of owning your own business come true is to jump into action and do it!

It takes hard work, support, and strength of heart, all of which I KNOW you can create in your life. So there are no excuses: Be SMART and get started. Be SMART and join the other successful female entrepreneurs making an impact on our world!

A new hotel employee was asked to clean the elevators and report to the supervisor when the task was completed. When the employee didn’t show up at the end of the day, the supervisor assumed that, like many others, he just hadn’t liked the job and left. However, after four days, the supervisor ran into the new employee. I was cleaning in one of the elevators. “Surely you haven’t been cleaning these elevators for four days, have you?” asked the supervisor, accusingly. “Yes sir,” said the clerk, “this is a great job and I’m not done yet, do you realize that there are more than forty, two on each floor, and sometimes they’re not even there …”

The story may be familiar to some. However, the underlying message is that proper training in unfamiliar surroundings is essential. Warehouses and distribution centers pay close attention to management training seeking the brightest, most talented, and most experienced person available. However, when it comes to hiring the staff of people who are actually going to do the job, they get someone with minimal education and work experience. Most companies hire hourly workers who may have been with multiple companies in the past and assimilate them into their organization immediately and become familiar with the operation as they go along, or in some cases not at all.

The problem with this method is that the company gains perhaps a few months of employee productivity before the effects of a lack of adequate training and experience begin to show. If the situation persists, it can result in many challenges, from inventory accuracy to audits, not to mention lost revenue for the company and the repeated cycle of firing the employee and making the same mistake again with a new hire.

Most of the new hires at the warehouse come from other organizations or temporary services, and after a few days on the job, they practice the old habits of the company when receiving, storing, picking up, and moving products. But not all companies are the same, and while you may want them to perform differently if you haven’t trained them in your company culture and processes or worse, they come with a lack of experience, they usually they learn from others, which may not be the case. Be the right path if you want a quality workforce.

Deficiency in training and experience

Poor training and experience can have an adverse effect on your organization. While traveling the world, I have noticed many excuses why organizations cannot adequately train their hourly workers. Some were, for example, “if I train them, they will go away and take the training elsewhere.” Or “we don’t have the budget for company formation.” But the question is, can you afford not to train them? According to recent statistics, the average business experiences a minimum of 1.6 hours of downtime per week (i.e. reduced production, maintenance delays, shutdowns, and inaccurate data collection). To put it in more proper perspective, a distribution center with 50 employees who are paid $ 29 per hour ($ 15 per hour salary + $ 14 per hour in benefits), the cost of downtime for said company It would be $ 9,280 per week, which translates to more than $ 110,000 a year.

This under the assumption that all workers in the company will be forced to halt all production during a downtime scenario that may not happen, but only a few key distribution workers on the docks could create a severe impact on the operation. But before you can assess the cost of downtime, you must determine its source. The best way to accomplish this is to run a downtime threat scan. Some threats that could cause downtime,

1. Internal and external sources

• Technological

• Accidental versus intentional

• Controllable risk or beyond the control of the organization.

• Events with prior warning versus those without warning

• Employee sick leave

• Absenteeism

• Skilled versus unskilled workers

2. Three questions you should focus on when conducting a threat analysis.

• Identify relevant compliance issues

• Establish a cost associated with each compliance issue

• Develop processes to continually re-examine downtime threats.

The benefits of training and experience

Having skilled and dedicated workers at the lower levels is good business practice and makes sense. Empirical evidence shows a significant correlation between experience and compensation (see surveys in Robert Willis 1986 and Theresa Devine and Nicholas Kiefer 1991). Furthermore, on-the-job training, apprenticeships, and internships provide experience at significant costs to both individuals and organizations: Sherwin Rosen (1972: p327) asserts, “(w) workers demand learning opportunities and are willing to paying for them since your marketable skills or knowledge and subsequent income are increased. “

The importance of the experience and training of your employees can provide more than just compensation, it can save time for the organization; workers have a more positive feeling about the organization, they are off to a good start and they know what they are doing.

Experience and training add value to their organization and employers recognize that the values ​​these employees bring to bear translate into;

• Higher earnings

• Lower costs

• Higher quality and

• Higher customer satisfaction

Heymann and Barrera (2010) exemplified employee values ​​in their study in which they interviewed employees at all levels, from the lowest paid to those in senior management positions, including CEOs, CFOs and COOs at nine different countries. The companies ranged in size from 27 to 126,000 employees and included those in the public and private sectors of the automobile, financial services, personal property, technological hardware and equipment, pharmaceuticals, food production, building materials, and industrial metals industries.

They concluded that companies like Costco and Great Little Box Company, because of the incentives they offered from the lowest level employee to top management, had happier and more productive employees and a lower turnover rate than their competitors in the same industry. They also found that treating workers well was important to Costco, leading to increased motivation and better quality of service. This combination, along with good pay and the knowledge that advancement opportunities existed, were important incentives for employees to work hard. The high quality of service from Costco’s motivated and engaged employees, coupled with low prices, kept customers coming back and willing to pay membership dues.

Great Little Box Company practiced an open book management strategy (holding monthly meetings to discuss organizations, finances, production, and sales performance with staff members at all levels), this gave employees a sense of ownership in the company that was still in or to be more effective. the organization’s leadership incorporated profit sharing. The Great Little Box Company also encouraged employees to come up with cost saving ideas. One such idea resulted in the interdepartmental use of a particular piece of equipment that is used exclusively in the labeling department, but is now shared with the department in charge of folding carton printing, resulting in cost savings for the labeling department. 12%, a task entrusted to a printing company in the past.

Employee engagement ideas and strategies are nothing new. We have seen programs like TQM, Quality Circles and Agile, they all emphasize the same thing, but unlike The Great Little Box Company that was really implemented and followed; it was just another fad idea that died out when the next great wave of pop management techniques appeared.

The open book management strategy has been of great use to The Great Little Box Company in terms of substantial profits and profits. In the last decade, its sales have doubled from 17 million to 35 million and in the last seven years the success of the company has allowed it to acquire the assets of six companies.

Zenger, Folkman & Edinger (2010) concluded in their study of profitable companies. They identified five areas that were common among companies with substantial growth.

1. Employee satisfaction / engagement

2. Employee turnover

3. Percentage of employees thinking about quitting smoking

4. Satisfaction with payment

5. High commitment

The study by Zenger, Folkman and Edinger (2010), although not inclusive, shows that the experience, training and participation of employees are essential for the growth and profitability of a company. Costco and Great Little Box Company are two good examples of companies that succeed with experience, training, and company involvement at all levels, but it’s not the exact rule of thumb. Incentives and participation are noteworthy factors, but to have great money-saving ideas for organizations, there needs to be some experience and training among staff at each level.

Reach the kind of success that Costco and The Great Little Box Company have had; Businesses need to find what works for them and how it relates to business goals. Do not follow other organizations or emulate their operating systems because each company is different and does not necessarily translate into success for your company.

References

Heymann, J. and Barrera, M. (2010). How companies can benefit from increased compensation at the base. Ivey Business Journal, December 2010.

Rosen, S. (1972). “Learning and experience in the labor market”, Human Resources Magazine, 1972, 7. pp. 326-342.

Zenger, J., Folkman, J. and Edinger, .K. (2010). How Extraordinary Leaders Double Profits:

Decoding leadership trends to discover patterns.

How is the secret reserve created?

A secret reservation is created using the following methods:

1. Due to undervaluation of assets well below their cost or market value, such as investments, shares in trade, etc.

2. Failure to record the value of an asset whose price has risen permanently.

3. Creating excessive reserve for bad and doubtful debts or discount on diverse debtors.

4. By providing excessive depreciation of fixed assets.

5. Establishing goodwill at nominal value.

6. Omitting some of the assets altogether from the balance sheet.

7. By shifting the capital expenditures to the income account and thus showing that the value of the assets is less than their real value.

8. Overvaluing liabilities.

9. Due to the inclusion of fictitious liabilities.

10. Showing contingent liabilities as actual liabilities.

Object of creating secret reservation

1. Secret reserves strengthen the financial position of a company, losses can be repaired without disclosing their occurrence to shareholders and others. This helps the worry stay financially sound despite a period of adversity.

2. It can be better used to equalize dividends, thus maintaining the financial stability of the company.

3. The profits that would have been used for the payment of dividends remain in the business and increase the working capital of the company.

4. A secret pool is created to retain information on the company’s progress from commercial competitors. If the true profit position of the company is shown, it is possible that more rival companies enter the field and compete with it, which will bring down

Your profits.

Objections to secret reservations

1. The balance sheet does not show a true and fair view of the financial affairs of the company if a secret reserve is created and maintained. At the same time, the profit and loss account also does not give the correct results, since an excessive provision for depreciation or reserve for its creation can be made.

2. Management can use secret reserves to hide its weakness in the term of mismanagement. You can hide losses from poor or careless management or even reckless speculation.

3. If the fixed assets are undervalued for the purpose of creating a secret reserve, and if there is a fire, the company will not be able to claim the full value of the assets because the insurance company will pay according to the book value of the asset. destroyed or damaged and therefore cause a loss to the company. .

4. By creating secret reserves and thus reducing the dividend, the directors can engage in speculation in the shares of the company.

5. The shareholders of the company suffer a loss due to reduction of dividends due to the creation of secret reserves.

6. Due to the creation of secret reserves, the value of the shares in the market falls.

It is important to remember that eBay is like an online flea market or an exchange market. There will always be someone trying to sell things that most people would not touch. The problem is that online, when you can’t physically see the merchandise, these people can be a bit more difficult to spot. Here are some tips to make your eBay experience more enjoyable and safe.

Know your salesperson …

This is by far the most important research you should do before placing your bid on eBay. Knowing a little about your seller before bidding on your item will make the purchase much easier.

1) Review the seller’s comments and member’s profile.

Please check the seller’s eBay feedback before bidding. The feedback rating will give you a good idea about the trustworthiness of your business partner. One or two neutrals or negatives may be overlooked due to the fickle nature of some buyers, however, if you see a trend for poor service or feedback on item quality, you may want to avoid the seller altogether. If a seller has no negative feedback or comments, please contact the seller prior to bidding to familiarize yourself with their customer service.

2) Ask the seller questions.

Email the seller with questions by clicking the “Ask seller a question” link. If you have won an item, you can request the seller’s contact information for more information.

3) Review the seller’s policies on shipping, payments, and returns.

Shipping and Handling: Please review shipping and handling charges before bidding, and request that your item be shipped and insured in a traceable manner. Avoid sellers who will not disclose or charge exorbitant shipping costs.

Payment: Consider paying with PayPal or credit card, as most offer 100% consumer protection. Be careful when sellers only accept one form of payment, especially when the seller asks for cash. NEVER PAY WITH CASH and be careful when paying with cash equivalents such as bank transfers.

Returns: Please review the seller’s return policy carefully before bidding. Please contact the seller prior to bidding if you have any questions about the return policy. Some questions to ask include how long you have to return the item, who pays for shipping and handling, and under what circumstances can you return the item.

Know your article …

Read the description in its entirety. Most of the misunderstandings are caused by buyers not carefully reading the item description in the auction listing. Be careful if the price is significantly lower than similar auction items. If the price seems too good to be true, it probably is. Check the condition of the item, whether new or used, and any described damage.

Be realistic when buying used items. People have different definitions of quality and condition. Remember, just because the seller says the item is in “like new” condition does not mean that you will feel the same way. A 25-year-old item is likely to have some wear and tear, so please don’t be too critical of the item when you receive it. Please note the condition of the item BEFORE placing your bid.

Use PayPal …

Take advantage of PayPal for a safe and fast transfer of funds between you and the seller. PayPal is eBay’s preferred form of payment. It is a system that allows anyone with an email address to send payments online securely using their credit card or bank account. EBay members can use PayPal to quickly and easily pay for all items purchased on eBay. PayPal’s industry-leading fraud prevention measures make it a safe way to pay online.

When shopping on eBay, look for items that are covered by PayPal Buyer Protection. With it, you get free protection of up to $ 1,000.00 USD on your purchases. To determine if your item is eligible, search for PayPal Buyer Protection in the Seller Information box on the View Item page.

The more you know about your seller and the items you are bidding on, the more confident you will be as a buyer. Spending some time researching before placing the offer will help ensure a positive shopping experience.

An entrepreneur will always want to establish his business for more profit. But when it comes to legal documents and records, the work involved can be very overwhelming. One is easily confused between the type of company to incorporate and then how to proceed with its registration. It takes a lot of hard work. In the midst of all this comes the concept of sole proprietorship. It is the simplest form of business. It is not considered a separate legal entity. This can be considered as one of its advantages or disadvantages depending on the individual perception. All business income and losses are taxed on the owner’s income tax return, sounds scary? Well again, perceptions! What exactly is sole proprietorship is described in detail below.

Its main characteristic is that it does not have a separate legal identity. It is completely in the owner’s name, which is all of the owner’s debts. This can put the owner’s personal assets at risk. Property registration is very easy and straightforward. All you need to get is some local licenses and permits (such as PAN card, bank account, TAN, store establishment license, etc.) and then you need to register your name as sole proprietor. It does not follow complex voting and meeting procedures as mandatory as in other forms of business. The taxation procedure due to this characteristic is also simple since everything that the company earns is considered as Sole Owner income. There is no unemployment tax involved.

There is also the option of mixing different businesses which is entirely up to the sole proprietor. There is no requirement for a separate name for the business, as everything is in the name of a single owner. However, there are no restrictions on the different names and no registrations or filings as such are required. However, it is a very common practice to convert a sole proprietorship into an LLP or other corporations to overcome the risk of losing everything. One downside of owning a sole proprietorship is receiving equity funds. Obtaining loans and obtaining funds is a very difficult job, as the company does not have a separate identity according to the law.

Therefore we can say that the advantages of sole proprietorship are:

· Total control -Since the business belongs to the owner, he has full control over his business without much legal intervention.

· Easy and inexpensive setup – Not many legal formalities are needed, except few permits and licenses.

· Easy tax filings – Since the owner and the business are the same, the tax returns are made in the owner’s name and the capital earned by the business is shown as the owner’s income.

Furthermore, the disadvantages are:

· Personal responsibility – Although having full control over the business seems like a great idea, it doesn’t sound so good when the company is suffering losses.

· Capital fundraising – It is easy to establish, no doubt. But it is really difficult to raise funds or obtain loans.

Due to all these characteristics, sole proprietorship is considered an incorporated business form as it is not registered. Therefore, before deciding to establish a sole proprietorship, you must fully understand its characteristics, requirements, advantages and disadvantages.

The main credit score used in the business world is known as the Paydex score provided by Dun and Bradstreet.

This number assesses the credit risk of a business in the same way that a consumer credit score reflects the individual credit risk of a consumer.

Paydex is essentially the business equivalent of your personal credit score.

The exact Dunn & Bradstreet, or D&B definition is: The D&B PAYDEX® Score is D & B’s unique dollar-weighted numerical indicator of how a business paid its bills over the past year, based on business experiences reported to D&B by various vendors.

There are many BIG differences between a business Paydex score and an individual consumer FICO score.

Consumer FICO credit scores range from 350 to 850. The Paydex score ranges from 0 to 100, with 100 being the highest score you can get.

Individual credit scores are calculated based on a number of factors.

The Paydex score is calculated based on a single factor; if a company makes timely payments to its suppliers and creditors within the agreed payment terms.

Most lenders and providers look for a score of 70 or higher. Having a score of 80 or more is very good.

Here’s a breakdown of how the Paydex Business Score is calculated:

Expectation of payment

100 Wait for payment to arrive earlier

90 Payments are generally made earlier

payment discount period

80 Payment is on time

70 Payment arrives 14 days beyond terms

60 Payment arrives 21 days after deadlines

50 Payment arrives 30 days beyond terms

40 Payment arrives 60 days beyond terms

30 Payment arrives 90 days beyond terms

20 Payment arrives 120 days beyond terms

ONE not available

If you are a business owner, your Paydex score is essential to establishing new credit and continuing to create credit limits that exceed $ 100,000.

It only takes 60 days to establish a positive Paydex score. To get started, you will first want to request a

DUNS number, a nine-digit business identification number, with Dun and Bradstreet.

The DUNS number helps potential customers, lenders, and vendors assess your business creditworthiness.

Once you’ve established your DUNS number, the next thing you’ll want to find is a merchant who will grant you credit and then report that credit to Dun and Bradstreet.

Once you have a positive business credit report for Dun and Bradstreet, you will have a positive Paydex score established.

Then you’ll want to apply for more business credit and use it regularly. Make sure to pay all payments ahead of time to raise your scores to 80 or higher.

You can quickly and easily establish a positive credit score from Paydex.

As you continue to pay your bills on time, your scores will continue to increase, allowing you to qualify for credit on behalf of your business.