Swiroset.com

Getting into the investment property business can make you a good amount of money. In the UK, the commercial investment property business can be big. If you want to cash out, all you need to do is know the best way to do it and make sure you’ve secured the necessary capital to make your real estate investment properties worthwhile so you can turn a profit.

Commercial investment properties to buy

The first thing you need to do is understand the types of properties that are available. These include industrial rental properties or other commercial investment property options, such as shopping malls and offices. You can also buy land that you will later convert into commercial property. Once you find what you want, such as a shopping center, you can break it down into smaller parts, such as offering commercial space for lease.

However, not all land is suitable for commercial use. Some areas may have restrictions as to whether or not the land can be used for industrial and commercial purposes. Other land may be zoned properly, but the location is not ideal for other reasons.

Find a Commercial Property Agent

There are many real estate agents out there. If you want to make your claim in the commercial real estate market, it pays to find an agent who specializes in commercial property sales and investments. Buying an investment property requires planning and research. The right agent will direct you to the properties that best suit what you want. Plus, they can alert you to things like commercial real estate auctions so you can get a good deal on a property.

Know the rules and laws

When it comes to commercial property investment options, there are many rules and regulations that you must follow. That is why it is important to hire an attorney who specializes in commercial real estate investment. A good agent is also a great asset. The agent and attorney often work together to make sure all the rules are followed correctly. Commercial real estate transactions can be complicated, so having the right people on your side is a real asset.

Buying and benefiting from commercial investment property in the UK offers a good opportunity to earn money. Property can be used for a variety of purposes because commercial real estate has many facets. Things like shopping malls and office buildings can be bought and parts of them can be leased separately for higher profits. Since the options are numerous, it is important to have a good agent and attorney on your side to help your business succeed.

Health management professionals are trained to work in a number of areas. Students can prepare for an exciting career in the management field by earning a higher education. With an accredited school or university, students can gain the skills and knowledge necessary to pursue their desired career. Students can train to earn an associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree through higher education options in health administration.

Professional training for an associate’s degree in healthcare administration can be completed by enrolling in an accredited postsecondary training program. Students can earn a degree at this level by completing two years of educational study. Coursework will vary by program, but may include:

• Organizational behavior
• health law
• medical information systems
• Quality in health care

…and much more. Study in these areas will prepare students for various career opportunities. Associate degree holders may seek employment as:

• Cardiology Practice Managers
• Pediatric Practice Managers
• Ophthalmology Practice Managers
• Medical office manager

…and many other professions. By earning an accredited associate’s degree in healthcare administration, students can begin their career or continue their education and training by enrolling in a bachelor’s degree program.

Enrollment in an accredited undergraduate training program can enable students to pursue their desired career. Students can complete a four-year program to earn their bachelor’s degree in health administration. Career opportunities will vary based on the goals and needs of each student. Students can enter careers such as:

• health administrators
• planners
• hospital managers
• CEOs

…and many other professions related to this field. The specific areas of study will vary depending on the school or university and the desired career. Students can study courses such as:

• business communications
• Microeconomics
• Accounting
• human resources management

…and much more. Career options will vary based on each student’s goals and courses studied. By earning an accredited bachelor’s degree in this field, students will be well on their way to starting their dream career. With a bachelor’s degree, students can earn a graduate degree in health management.

Postgraduate training programs prepare students to work in a number of areas with an accredited degree. Master’s and doctoral degrees can be earned by completing an additional two to four years of higher education training. Coursework will vary by grade level and program, but may include training in accounting, finance, law, and ethics. Students can also learn human resources, research, marketing, and many other courses related to healthcare management. Students will study courses that will prepare them for a number of careers. Career options at the graduate level include working in hospitals and clinics such as:

• hospital administrators
• researchers
• Medical office managers
• health services manager
• University teachers

…and more. By obtaining an education at the graduate level, students will have the means to enter the desired career in health administration.

The accredited educational program provides students with the best education possible. Agencies such as the Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs ( http://www.acbsp.org/ ) can provide full accreditation to qualified health administration schools and colleges. Students can enroll in the program that best suits their individual needs. Learn more by inquiring about the degree of your choice today.

DISCLAIMER: The above is a GENERIC OUTLINE and may or may not represent precise methods, courses, and/or approaches related to ANY of the specific schools that may or may not be advertised on PETAP.org.

Copyright 2010 – All rights reserved by PETAP.org.

INTRODUCTION

The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Code 2016, India’s new bankruptcy law, aims to consolidate existing laws by framing a single law for the insolvency and bankruptcy of legal persons, partnerships and individuals. With the promulgation of the code, the 1909 Law on Insolvency of the Presidency Towns and the 1920 Provincial Insolvency Law are repealed. In addition, 11 laws are modified. These include the DRT Act 1993, the SARFAESI Act 2002, the SICA Repeal Act 2003, the LLP Act 2008, and the Companies Act 2013. Multiple overlapping laws and awarding authorities currently operating in India that are Dealing with financial defaults and insolvency of corporate companies, partnerships and individuals give rise to a number of conflictive situations. Therefore, the existing framework does not provide creditors, debtors and other interested parties with certainty about the outcome and time frame regarding the resolution process. In this context, the code legislation, which is part of the second generation economic reforms in India, has been designed with a view to resolving the existing difficulties with the timely resolution of the insolvency resolution process. The current legal and institutional framework does not help in the effective and timely recovery or restructuring of non-performing assets that cause undue stress on the Indian credit system. Recognizing these difficulties, the Code, within its legal framework, aims to complete the entire resolution process within a specified period. The Code, if used correctly, can improve the business environment and alleviate troubled credit markets.

PURPOSE OF THE CODE:

In the preamble to the Code, the objective has been very clear. “An Act to consolidate and amend the laws relating to the organization and resolution of insolvency of legal persons, partnerships, and individuals on a time-limited basis in order to maximize the value of the assets of such persons, to promote entrepreneurship, the availability credit and balance the interests of all these interested parties, including altering the order of priority of payment of government debts and the establishment of an Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India, and for matters incidental or related thereto” .

KEY POINTS:

• The code has five parts. While Part I and Part V have no chapters, each of the other Parts contains seven chapters. Part III, which deals with the resolution of insolvency and bankruptcy of sole proprietorships and partnerships, contains a maximum number of sections (110), followed by Part II, which deals with the resolution of insolvency and liquidation of legal persons, contains seventy-four (74) sections. Part IV, which deals with the regulation of insolvency professionals, agencies and information services, contains six thirty (36) sections. Part V, which deals with various, contains thirty-two (32). Part I, which deals primarily with definitions, contains three (3) sections.

• The code does not address the legal framework for the resolution of bankruptcies of financial institutions and financial service providers.

• The code has introduced the concept of a few entities for the first time in Indian bankruptcy and insolvency law. These entities are Professional Insolvency Agencies (IPA), Insolvency Professionals (IP), Interim Resolution Professionals (IRP), Resolution Professionals (RP), Resolution Applicants (RA), Information Services (IU), Creditors Committee (CC ), Financial Creditors (FCs), Operational Creditors (OCs), Corporate Debtors (CDs).

• Creditors have been classified as financial, operational, guaranteed, unsecured and holders of decrees.

• The Awarding Authority (AA) for legal persons is NCLT, while the same for partnership firms and individuals is DRT.

• The term to complete the contest resolution process is 180 days with an extension of another 90 days – a total of 270 days.

• The AA would order a moratorium for the entire term of the bankruptcy resolution process by virtue of which no coercive action may be taken by anyone who causes damage to the operation of the debtor company as a going concern.

• The first track corporate insolvency resolution process has been introduced for certain categories of corporate debtors.

• Anyone involved in the resolution process of the company aggrieved by the AA order may prefer an appeal to the National Company Law Appeals Tribunal (NCLAT). The interested person aggrieved by the NCLAT order may prefer an appeal to the Honorable Supreme Court.

• The same for individuals and partnerships are the Court of Debt Recovery Appeals and then the honorable Supreme Court.

• STEPS TO FOLLOW FOR THE RESOLUTION PROCESS OF CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY BY FINANCIAL CREDITOR

1. The Financial Creditors (FC), individually or jointly with the other FCs, submit an application to AA with all the required details.

2. AA receives request/rectification of defects.

3. AA sends a notice for the rectification of defects within 7 days.

4. AA admits the request within 14 days subject to meeting all requirements under the Code and notifies the secured creditor and corporate debtor.

5. The Bankruptcy Resolution process (ICD) begins.

6. AA completes an IRP within 14 days of the ICD.

7. IRP is in charge of managing DC affairs.

8. IRP collects all necessary information/data/claims and determines CD’s financial position.

9. IRP constitutes CC.

10. CC accepts IRP as RP or designates new RP through AA.

11. RA presents a resolution plan.

12. RP reviews the plan and submits it to CC for approval.

After this, two situations can arise.

state 1:

1. CC approves the plan with a vote of not less than 75% of the voting shares of FC.

2. PR presents the approved plan to AA.

3. AA approves the plan that will be binding on the DC and other interested parties, including the guarantors.

Gold

3. AA rejects the plan and orders its liquidation.

4. The liquidation process begins, RP carries out all the procedures for the liquidation of the company in accordance with the provisions of the code.

Situation 2:

1. CC rejects the plan by majority vote.

2.AA Liquidation Orders.

3. The liquidation process begins, RP carries out all the procedures for the liquidation of the company in accordance with the provisions of the code.

In the case of the operating creditor, the steps are almost the same except that the documents that must be submitted to AA are different. In the case of a corporate client, the steps are almost the same as those for financial creditors.

REORIENTATION OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT POLICY TO DEAL WITH OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS AND THE CONSEQUENTIAL INCREASE IN DOUBTFUL ASSETS

In any economy, a favorable industrial climate should provide a favorable situation for doing business and a quick exit route should an industrial unit fail to perform well. In the early 1980s, when the government took notice, it began to loosen control over industries. Incompetent industries, which were receiving government protection, came in for a serious discussion. It was agreed that nationalization as a solution would be ineffective. At the same time, in the absence of adequate bankruptcy laws and an exit policy, restructuring through market-driven forces also proved ineffective in the country. Due to pressure from various political sectors, the government finally opted for a middle path. The promulgation of SICA, 1985 was the result of a policy resolution of this type at the central government level. However, the BIFR, which was set up to operationalize SICA provisions, did not function as expected by policymakers. SICA was heavily abused by corporate debtors to the extent that it was used as a protective shield for not meeting creditor commitments. This was mainly due to the provisions contained in Section 22 of the SICA of 1985. Meanwhile, other laws, namely the DRT Law of 1993, the SARFAESI Law of 2002, were enacted mainly not with a view to restructuring and rehabilitating the companies sick but with the main objective of recovering what is owed by the secured creditors. Even then, there were no tangible results either with regard to the reactivation or the recovery of delinquent debts. The result was a sharp increase in NPA growth. In such an economic environment, investors did not show much interest in investing in India. The government was also under pressure from international agencies, namely the IMF and the World Bank to carry out second generation economic reforms. The result was the enactment of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Code of 2016.

Conclusion

India’s ranking regarding insolvency resolution is 136 out of 189 countries. It takes about 4.3 years to resolve insolvency in India as against the global average of 2.6 years. World Bank data shows that there is a positive correlation between the rate of creditor recovery and the strength of the legal framework for insolvency. In this perspective, the code promises to bring about far-reaching reforms with a focus on the creditor-driven insolvency resolution process. Notwithstanding the code, which is a unified law, which provides for a structured and time-bound process for the resolution and liquidation of insolvency, it will be seen over a period of time whether the various provisions and steps incorporated in the Code will make any difference to address the growing problem of industrial disease. When a specialized body of experts, ie the BIFR, fails, it must be seen how the NCLT with combined and composite functions will be effective enough to address the range of problems related to the country’s underperforming industrial activities. On the other hand, the review of the literature on the insolvency system prevailing in the different countries suggests that a well-designed insolvency law does not necessarily guarantee the recovery of debts to the extent expected. Again, there are economies that have well-designed laws but face challenges in implementing them effectively. However, the promulgation of the Code, which establishes a collective, linear and time-limited process for the resolution and liquidation of insolvency, is a right step in the right direction.

There are a number of people who choose to take online courses to earn their degrees in a variety of subjects. Individuals who are homemakers, who have full-time jobs and families, students just out of school who have a full-time job, and businessmen and women who need to continue their education to earn more income at work . We even have a large number of military members taking online courses to achieve their educational goals while defending the country. The number of online study courses available online is impressive and offers something for everyone.

People seeking a business degree can easily find a host of options to study online that are respected and accredited. Online study is one of the most popular forms of education for busy people who want to take their education a step further. Whether the person has some college credit or is just starting out, the options are vast, from local colleges that offer online programs to colleges across the country that they might not otherwise attend except for education in line.

When selecting an online school, be sure to ask some important questions, such as how soon you can earn your degree. You will want to know what options are available for your studies, such as semester programs or self-paced study courses. This will help you narrow down your options. Also, you’ll want to ask questions about financing. There are a number of options available for financial aid at online schools now. More than there were several years ago when online education wasn’t as much of the norm as it is now. People who attend online courses may even be eligible for government grants and loans, something that wasn’t necessarily an option at one point.

Choosing to earn your degree online has become more than just an option; it has become standard for many people. There are busy people all over the world who have found the ability to follow their dreams using online education. Most employers accept online education as credible and respected and don’t shy away from people with a degree earned online. Many of the schools are fully accredited and credits are fully transferable. You are sure to find a course of study that suits your needs simply by searching online. Just be prepared with your list of important features when searching and you’ll find online titles that work for your situation.

A hardgainer is a thin person who has trouble gaining muscle mass. He had followed Stuart McRobert’s hardgainer.com for a while before picking up a copy of Beyond Brawn. He is currently 6’8″ and normally weighs between 240-250. When I received my first driver’s license, he was 6’7″ and 150 pounds. Much of the progress I have been able to make was following the methods I had read about in hardgainer.

I have always been a fan of McRobert’s writing style and his obvious passion for strength training. He is a strong man who has acquired a wealth of knowledge about the Game of Iron. Have you ever met someone who was so passionate about something that you couldn’t help but get emotional when you heard them talk about it? That’s how I felt when (don’t laugh) the dean of my library school talked about cataloging. He raved about it as a fervent Baptist preacher, and it was impossible not to get excited about it. (This feeling vanished immediately after he left the room.)

Stuart McRobert’s writing turns you on from the first page and stays with you. Too often, books on training are tired rehashes of what’s been said a billion times before. Recycled bullet lists. Many harsh words but little humility. When someone who has achieved something I want is also willing to say, “Look, I’ve made a lot of mistakes in my training over the years. I lost a lot of time and got hurt a lot,” that means something to me. At the end of any of the Die Hard movies, John Mclane has always been struck within an inch of life from him. He does heroic things, but we know he’s going to take a good beating when he’s dealt with them all.

McRoberts doesn’t pretend to know everything and admits his mistakes. He focuses so much on his mistakes, in fact, that, it sounds kind of silly, you get to know him at the end of the book. He doesn’t appear as a guru, but as a normal guy who figured out how to become strong. Larger-than-life figures are hard to pin down, unless he’s in the larger-than-life club. A man’s humanity is never shown more fully than when he admits that he is vulnerable to the same mistakes, hurts, and insecurities as anyone else.

There are two main selling points of this book.

1. McRoberts is a person to admire

He is humble but incredibly knowledgeable. His desire to help others comes through on every page.

And that gives me the opportunity to slip neatly into…

point number 2:

The content. Do you want whole? you got it

Anyone who puts “Encyclopedia” on the cover of any book is either a daring phony praying they’ll make some money before they’re exposed, or someone like Stuart McRobert. Encyclopedic knowledge is broad in scope and depth. You only get encyclopedic content in two ways: either a team of smart people work on tons of little articles together to prepare the next issue, or one person pays their fair share, pays attention, and takes time (years!) to synthesize your knowledge. for the boisterous masses.

Flip through Beyond Brawn and you’ll quickly realize that it’s an encyclopedia. Maybe you are not naturally curious and just like to throw heavy things. If picking up the latest copy of Brittanica doesn’t get your engine running, let me assure you, BB is an exciting book for strength seekers.

A summary of McRobert’s philosophy

• It’s a privilege to train hard
• Most people who exercise have no idea what a “hard” workout is.
• Short attention spans and information overload prevent most people from getting the results they want.
• It takes brutally hard work to get those results, but it’s not complicated.
• Squat, Deadlift and Bench if your body is healthy enough.
• Do not get hurt.
• When in doubt, train less often, not more.
• Practice proper nutrition
• get enough rest

Sounds like many other books, doesn’t it?

it isn’t. He is able to say the “same old things” in a way that will resonate with you. He is also adept at illustrating what methods don’t work without patronizing anyone who practices them. More than anything, he is saddened and frustrated by people engaged in a noble pursuit, but who are wasting the best training of their lives spinning their wheels.

Beyond Brawn has no images. Very little formatting. Simply block out paragraph after block of intelligent, applicable information that you can benefit from immediately. I have never read a book this thick so fast, and I read a lot of big fat books. There is not a false line or paragraph in the entire volume.

As I said before, the most important thing is the mindset and the passion that McRobert has… his respect for the pursuit of strength. If you have any interest in strength, positive thinking, or goal achievement, you should read this book. It’s equal parts self-help, roadmap to power, reference tool, and pep talk masterpiece for the days he needs the push to get back on track.

Read it, read it, read it, then read it again. “Empower” is not a word you can use very often without rolling your eyes. Talk too corporate. But Beyond Brawn will make you feel empowered. You will be anxious to get it on the second page.

You know that question people always ask when they meet someone new, and the carousel of questions to get to know you begins: So what do you do?

Most people respond with self-explanatory professions: I’m a teacher; I’m a lawyer; I am a small business owner; I work in a clothes store; I’m in graduate school.

Then it’s my turn, and when I tell people I work for a public relations agency, I often get a variety of responses, from puzzled expressions to sarcastic comments, to wide-eyed, cheerful looks to laughs. me in the face

Here are a few I’ve heard:

“Oh, so you’re like Samantha Jones in sex and the city!”

· “Do you work with movie stars?”

· “Oh, so you buy advertising.”

· “Oh… you’re an advertising expert. You make bad people look good.”

· “Do you pay journalists to write stories about your customers?”

· “So you can make a living throwing parties? Great!”

· “Said audience relations?”

And while some of these make me laugh (or cringe in some cases), none of the above are part of my job duties.

There are a few PR agencies that work with clients in the entertainment industry and handle new restaurant launches. I don’t.

public relations are No same as advertising, although in some companies and situations these departments work closely together. Some schools even combine these two in academic programs (for example, in the Department of AD/PR at the University of Georgia). I do not buy ads for any of my clients unless they specifically request it.

Public relations is not about making inaccurate statements to position yourself or a client in a positive light. We look for the facts and gather all the relevant and interesting information available about a given product, service, person or situation before pitching a story to a reporter or issuing anything to the public.

While it is common practice in some countries to pay reporters in exchange for news coverage, it is illegal in the United States. You can buy space in a print or online publication and write about your company, but that’s an advertisement.

And I don’t normally host parties for clients, I’m not an event planner. However, in some cases I am asked to help plan client events, we create a plan and put it into action.

So what do I “do” in my PR agency?

Lots of research, writing, planning and communication. I monitor daily news coverage about my clients and the news in general. I am in contact with journalists by phone or email almost daily to file a story about my clients or schedule interviews. I also track and measure media coverage, compile reports, attend meetings, develop strategies related to product launches, assist with crisis planning, and implement public relations and marketing campaigns.

And, at dramatic moments, my cubemates and I argue over who gets to wear the green highlighter, or I try to get the last piece of chocolate cake out of the fridge before my boss gets to it.

While I don’t have the seemingly glamorous life of Samantha Jones, I do have a job that brings a different routine every day, and I work in a profession where I get to do one of my favorite things: communicate with other people.

Part One

Squawking Dem.

With two thousand years of Christianity behind us, all the Democrats can say to their rivals or mavericks is, “Watch your step!”

Or to inform them to keep their mouths shut.

In fact, if possible, and despite everything, put yourself at the service of the Democratic Party.

These people are a cunning line of crocodiles.

A kind of metallic brutes.

Obama fears that if Mr. Trump becomes president, on the first day he would do what he did to President Bush, delete all his works.

And he’s right, Trump would.

And that is precisely why he quit his paid job as president to organize a rigged election in favor of Hillary.

Manipulated, which means (but Trump can’t say) billionaires, the FBI, the CIA, everyone but the NSA, are in line to do whatever it takes, even fabricate, the unintentional, to win.

The NSA said that it was not the Russians who leaked the information in their devilish little tweets, but themselves.

The NSA is the most informed spy alliance in the world.

Russia says it wasn’t them, although we all know they have them.

However we got to have two people so unlikely to run for president, God and devil only know, but we got them.

The second part will inform the reader what I think of both, if one cares to read it.

But whoever wins, the point of no return has passed, we are in new waters, we are the new Babylon, and remember, it fell, due to arrogance, indifference and contaminated leadership; just like Rome from the inside out, and then from the outside.

Bugs, and rats will survive us, as they did the dinosaurs, it’s only a matter of time, unless Christ himself puts an end to all this nonsense.

#1022-3-2016

The second part

the anathemas

(USA, Presidential Rivals for 2016 AD)

We currently have two rivals for President of the United States that deserve a special mention with this analogue.

I think both of them are rotting with fatigue-

With black rot!

Both on the brink of collapse.

Both terribly move on.

Both a large mangy mole.

If I could make them both wholesome and scrupulous with one stroke of the pen, I would.

Both are delusional or have someone who is wildly delusional at the slightest provocation.

They both talk in circles, from the base of the spine to the top of the neck.

Both have bloody fingernails.

With one hand free to the left, I must vote, we must all vote, right or left, in the dark of a booth or wherever…

It turns my stomach to have to vote.

I must choose the least polluted.

This will be heavy work, like balancing on my head a large saddlebag full of raw rubber…

This is not unusual in jungles, and now we are in jungles!

It’s a spectacle, with 650 million googly eyes.

One side reads “Pick up your troubles, we’ll keep the ball rolling.”

The other side says: “She is a devil!”

And the sad thing is that it is!

Soon one will have to bow in defeat!

Here, there is no real law in America that oversees the making of the paths through the thickets of this jungle towards prudence.

Today’s news of either, overrun by the media, will fade very quickly tomorrow, and day by day until the November election.

And what will we get with the winner?

I hope it’s better than nothing, in this vanity race, anything is better than nothing.

Currently it is one more fun, as they have done, organized by both the DNC and the RNC.

Fever competitions.

It must be hard to keep up the contest week after week!

It’s August 3, 2016 now, four months away, give or take.

His ratings rise and fall like the temperature in the Congo, “Hey, look at mine…!” (Fox News, catch every clap)

To escape all this, where does one go?

So I read, I write, I watch “Game of Thrones” and I occasionally fight with friends, who were never really friends, otherwise we’d still be friends.

I guess that’s what I normally do anyway, just less now.

This choice is: exaggerated!

But, who can vote for a devil?

#1021/8-3-2016

When you are faced with the prospect of divorce, it is important that you see that you are not a powerless victim. You don’t have to worry about your future. You can simply create your future by choosing the collaborative divorce process where you bring together a powerful team of experts so that you are in control of the outcome.

Collaborative divorce is similar to mediation, but is generally more effective because both parties have their own attorney to advise them, and there is a team environment where additional professionals are added as needed. The result is that you end up getting “the best value for your money” because you’re paying only for those professionals who can help you the most. For example, you don’t want to pay your lawyer to come up with a parenting plan for you and your spouse. It would be much better to pay for a co-parenting coach as part of your collaborative divorce team who would likely take less time and be much more effective. Believe it or not, the collaborative divorce process will most likely cost less money than hiring a trial lawyer who is happy with his own agenda (for example, making and making a lot of money).

Also, during the collaborative divorce process, you will most likely learn to manage your emotions and communicate effectively. This is crucial for a successful outcome. It all starts with identifying your values, goals, and interests. To start, think about what your passions are. In other words, describe to yourself what your life would be like if it were ideal. This process is explained in detail in the best-selling book, The Passion Test by Janet Attwood and Chris Attwood, which says that your passions will lead you to your highest values. The book explains that to identify your passions, ask yourself what specifically you would be doing and who you would be with. The key is to map out and write down your ideal life in as specific and detailed a way as possible.

Then, through the collaborative divorce process, you can begin to identify your values. For example, do you value family, integrity, keeping your commitments, respect for yourself and others, compassion, making a difference, excellence, honesty? Be specific when defining your values. For example, if you value family, it may be more accurate to say that you value being emotionally connected to your children.

The collaborative divorce process will also help you identify your specific goals for the future and your immediate interests. For example, do you want your children to be able to attend a specific school or participate in particular extracurricular activities? Do you want to be debt free? Do you want to be able to get education or training to explore career opportunities?

Finally, you can identify the actions you need to take to achieve your goals. Your collaborative divorce team will help you put together a list of powerful actions you can start taking right away to help you achieve your goals. He doesn’t need to be a victim when facing a divorce. Instead, when you choose the collaborative divorce process, you can create your ideal future!

In Teaming, Amy C. Edmondson explains how the increasingly complex and demanding nature of the business world poses learning challenges for organizations. Those who form flexible and collaborative teams to achieve their goals have a better chance of success. However, such collaboration does not come naturally, and Edmondson examines how hierarchical status, cultural differences, and distance often prevent people from effectively teaming up. Leaders can overcome these barriers by recognizing them and modifying their leadership styles to support and facilitate teamwork. Learning is central to this process, and much of the most useful learning comes from conflict and failure, which can only occur when leaders foster an atmosphere of psychological safety.

Amy C. Edmondson offers readers the following advice:

• Teamwork is a dynamic activity, not a static and limited entity. It involves coordinating and collaborating without the benefit of stable team structures, because many operations require a level of staff flexibility that makes stable team composition rare.

• The power of teamwork in complex operations is the ability to anticipate, resolve and diagnose problems and reduce system risks to avoid consequential failures.

• In innovation operations, leadership is needed to create a receptive environment for exploration and experimentation. Working as a team is essential to generating new ideas, narrowing them down to the most viable options, testing and refining them, and ultimately producing innovative and useful new possibilities.

• Learning from failure is a crucial team skill. Unfortunately, most people view failure as unacceptable and therefore go to great lengths to avoid any association with it. This attitude is unfortunate, as many glitches provide useful information on how to improve techniques or increase efficiency.

• To advance purposeful experimentation, leaders must reward both experimentation and failure, use verbiage that breaks intellectual barriers to learning from failure, and motto insightful experiments that breed more intelligent failures.

• Essential learning in organizations does not occur through individuals working alone to sort through and solve important problems, but through people working and learning collaboratively in flexible teams.

Teamwork by Amy C. Edmondson is written for executives, managers, project leaders, and supervisors who wish to study or promote the concept of teamwork to improve organizational performance. The book provides guidelines for establishing frameworks for understanding and responding to the fluidities of collective learning. It is written in a well-researched, scholarly style and contains numerous tables and exhibits. Most chapters conclude with sections titled “Leadership Summary” and “Lessons and Actions,” which highlight key points and essential performance considerations. It was written to allow readers to navigate between chapters to locate specific information as needed, but it can also be read sequentially. Readers will find the book a useful aid in guiding colleagues and organizations through increasingly complex problems and challenges.

For more information, visit http://www.bizsum.com.

In a general sense, “validate” means to officially sanction, approve, or confirm. Consequently, “validation” can be applied to a very wide range of procedures, products or circumstances.

In the cold chain distribution area, where it is essential to maintain a stable environment during the shipment of temperature sensitive cargo, validation is a vital part of the quality control process; Ensure that active or passive isolator chargers are thoroughly tested and can meet specific standby time requirements.

Vaccines and pharmaceuticals are particularly sensitive materials that, if not manufactured and shipped under strict controls, can become ineffective or even dangerous for the consumer. To that end, in the 1970s, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began developing specific guidelines for testing and evaluating biologics and pharmaceuticals before they could be released to the public.

Validation procedures began to take shape and were applied to the drug and vaccine approval process. Finally, guidelines and validation methods for the cold chain delivery system were also developed, with the aim of ensuring temperature during the manufacturing, storage, shipping and delivery of medicines. Specifically, the Parenteral Drug Administration (PDA) Technical Report #39 describes validation strategies for the cold chain.

The cold chain validation process

With a few exceptions, the standard temperature during manufacturing, storage, and shipping of pharmaceuticals and vaccines is 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. Due to the critical nature of this cargo, the equipment and materials responsible for its actual delivery must be rigorously tested to ensure it meets established standards. The target temperature must be maintained under the adverse conditions to which insulated shipping containers could be exposed. These conditions are first simulated and then tested “in the field”. The results of these tests are documented in great detail.

With the new cold chain solutions in place, the pharmaceutical supply chain is more stable and reliable than ever. Data logging and reporting technology has stepped up and is more meticulous. The technology surrounding isolated chargers is also more advanced.

Of course, with this progression comes a greater number of qualifications for cold chain teams to meet and exceed as part of the validation process.

Although they vary slightly according to each particular situation, some of the fundamental procedures within a cold chain validation testing process are:

• All test equipment, from thermal test chambers to vibration tables, is subject to a full validation process. This ensures that the equipment is installed correctly and works as intended. Temperature monitoring devices are calibrated to ensure data is accurately documented.

• All elements of the cold chain packaging system to be validated are inspected to ensure they meet specifications. This ranges from insulated shipping containers and refrigerant packs to active heating and cooling systems.

• In a laboratory environment, the cold chain packaging system is subjected to a simulation of the worst transit conditions. This includes thermal testing against hot and cold ambient temperature profiles and physical hazards such as drops, vibrations, and compression. Equipment and data are carefully monitored and all observations and findings are well documented.

• The cold chain packaging system is then monitored in a live field test to demonstrate that the performance observed in the laboratory setting translates to “real world” conditions.

If there are inconsistencies or problems with the process or equipment during the test, there will be no validation. Validation will not occur until the issues are resolved and the timeout capability has demonstrated stability under more rigorous testing.

Cold chain validation does not stop after a successful test. Monitoring, analysis, and documentation of the system will continue even after initial validation tests are performed. The importance of consistent and reliable temperature control cannot be stressed enough in situations involving life-saving products. And for those managing cold chain distribution operations, the validation process offers insurance.