Information System and its Trends
Information systems and technologies have become a vital component of successful businesses and organizations.
Information system means an interconnected set of information resources under the same direct management control that share common functionality. A system typically includes hardware, software, information, data, applications, communications, and people, while an information system is the arrangement of people, data, processes, data presentation, and information technology that supports our daily needs. In reality, it is a technologically implemented means to record, store and disseminate linguistic expressions, as well as to extract conclusions from said expressions. Computer technology is used to implement information systems.
TYPES OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
The information system can be divided into two basic forms
1. SUPPORT OPERATIONS
SYSTEMS
It is further subdivided into
The next
o Transaction Processing System (TPS)
o Business collaboration system
o Process Control System
2. MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
SYSTEM
It is further subdivided into the following
o Management Information System (MIS)
o Decision Support System (DSS)
o Executive Support System (ESS)
TOOLS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
The steps that are involved in the development of an Information System are:
Analysis, Feasibility Study, System Design, Testing, Implementation, Documentation.
TRENDS IN THE INFORMATION SYSTEM:
It is generally accepted that information is a vital asset for the successful functioning of today’s organizations. Today, modern business organizations use computerized information systems to obtain the desired information. However, as technology advances rapidly, the main issue is how can an organization effectively use such an information system, the administration of which can sometimes be unpredictable, to effectively assist the entire structure of the organization. organization to improve and make the most of it.
It seems quite obvious that information systems have played an important linking role even before the advent of the Internet. Thus, for example, the possibilities offered by Information Systems have strongly influenced the way in which managers could exercise control and therefore constituted an important factor in the organization of large companies and their geographical extension. The same is true for governments and their statistical apparatus. The recent integration of computer networks and electronic data interchange facilitated the creation of common databases and policies among governments, accelerating developments that had begun earlier. It also created new possibilities for business, for example by allowing companies to develop new organizational practices (for example, just in time).
However, the role of information systems in the organization is changing to support business processes rather than individual functions. The focus is outward toward clients, rather than inward toward procedures. Businesses are changing faster and faster.
This poses a challenge for existing information systems, which are often inappropriately structured to meet these needs. It also presents a challenge for the people who design, work, and use these systems, as they may have out-of-date assumptions.
To ensure the services provided by information systems when necessary and that their failure does not cause a catastrophic disaster, their reliability and efficiency become extremely important. Imagine what would happen when a banking system malfunctions due to some critical failures in the system or when a healthcare information system gives wrong advice to patients.
It is even not an exaggeration to say that our lives are already under the control of computer systems, but their reliability and efficiency have become extremely important.
INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATIONS:
There is a wide range of information system applications being implemented in today’s world. To name a few like
1. Analysis of sales, production performance and cost trend.
reporting system
2. Product pricing, profitability and risk forecasting
analysis system
3. Sales and inventory processing and accounting system
4. Geographic Information Systems
5. Health care information systems
6. Bank Information System
7. Oil Refining System
8. Power generation system
9.Steel production system